Frequency converter system



Aug. 20, 1935. M. BOSCH 2,011,612

FREQUENCY CONVERTER SYSTEM Filed April 12, 1933 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 20, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 2,011.61: mousse: coma-ma srs'nm Application April 12. 1933. Berlai No. 605,753

In Germany April 28, 1.32

7 Claims. (Cl. 172-381) My invention relates to a frequency converter system and particularly to means for preventing equalizing currents in a vapor-electric frequency converter.

In the operation of frequency converters, the wave of the lower frequency is built up of a plurality of chopped sections of the waves of the higher frequency. For this purpose a plurality of rectifier tanks are used and alternate half waves of the lower frequency supplied alternately by each rectifier tank. Since both rectifier tanks must constantly be ready to carry current, and since the output voltage of any rectifier tank is not constantly greater than the half wave being supplied to the lower frequency, equalizing currents may flow between the alternate tanks.

Besides increasing the reactive component of the current taken by the rectifier, these equalizing currents, if large enough, may cause failure of the converting system. It is accordingly an object of my invention to provide a converter system having means for preventing equalizing currents between the rectifying tanks:

It is a further object of my invention to prevent the inactive tank from becoming active until the cessation of current in the active tank.

In .the device according to my invention the current flowing from one of the converter tanks is utilized to prevent current flow in the alternate tank. This maybe done either by biasing the grid of an auxiliary discharge device in series with the rectifier, or by biasing the normal grids of the rectifier proper. 1

Other objects and advantages of my inventionwill be apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a converter system embodying an auxiliary discharge device for preventing circulated currents in the converter tanks; and,

Fig. 2 is a modification showing the direct application of biasing current to the normal control grids of the converter tanks.

The apparatus according to rnv invention eomprises two separate vapor-electric discharge devices l-2 supplied with a polyphase voltage of the higher frequency by a transformer or transformers having separate secondaries 8-4, each secondary supplying the anodes II in one of the rectifier tanks. A grid control system I! is pro vided for biasing the control grids ll of the rectifier tanks |-2 so that current is carried alternately by the two tanks. While any suitable grid controlmaybeused,1prefertousethewell known synchronous commutator having a narrow segment connected to the positive terminal of the control source and a large segment connected to the negative terminal.

When one of the tanks is carrying current, the current fiows through half of the load transformer l1 and through auxiliary discharge devices lll9 back to the neutral points I. or II of the supply transformer of the tank carrying current. Each of the tanks i2 is provided with 10 an auxiliary discharge device II or II in the neutral return circuit 24-2. Consequently, as the alternate tanks I-I discharge the current fiows through alternate paths of the load transformer l1 and alternately through the auxiliary is discharge devices "-40. The load circuit i425 of each of the rectifying tanks is provided with a current transformer 30-" for supplying a control voltage for a grid 32-48 in the alternate auxiliary rectifier. Consequently, 2 when current is flowing through the output lead of the rectifier tank I, the current transformer 30 impresses a biasing potential on the grid I! of the alternate auxiliary discharge device it. Consequently, as long as any current fiows through rectifier lead 24, no current can fiow in the auxiliary discharge device 32 of the alternate tank 2.

However, when the current in tank I has been interrupted because of operation of the current control II, the current transformer II will no longer impress a control voltage on the grid 8! of the auxiliary discharge device I! and it may start to carry current. As soon as this happens, the current transformer 3| in circuit II I will be energized and block out the auxiliary discharge device attached to the first rectifier. Since only one tank can carry current at any given instant, circulating currents are impossible and the losses and dangers encountered because 4 of circulating currents are eliminated.

In the modification according to Fig. 2, the current transformer 30-" in the output circuit of one of the rectifier tanks is connected by means ofa saturated transformer Ill-Ill toaresistor H6 in series with the biasing potential applied to the alternate rectifier tank. Because of the saturated transformers ll, the biasing potential will have a substantially fiat-top wave and will maintain the control. currents of the alternate rectifier 2 inoperative until the current has died out of the first current transformer I. This will release the grids ll of the alternate rectifier 2 and permit current flow in the opposite direction through the load transformer II. This, in turn,

will energize current transformer ll in the output circuit of the second tank and block operation of alternate tank I until the grid control device I! has stopped current flow in the active tank.

While I have shown and described specific embodiments of my invention, it is apparent that changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are embodied in the accompanying claims or as may be necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. A frequency converter comprising a plurality of vapor-electric rectiiiers, an output transformer supplied by said rectiflers, an auxiliary discharge device in series with each rectifier, and means operated by current flow through one of said devices to hold the other inoperative.

2. A frequency converter comprising a plurality of vapor-electric rectiflers, an output transformer supplied by said rectifiers, an auxiliary discharge device in series with each rectifier, a control grid in each of said auxiliary devices, a current transformer in series with each of the auxiliary devices for supplying grid current, said current transformers being connected to the grids of the opposite devices so that flow of current in one of said devices blocks current flow in the other. 3. A frequency converter comprising a plurality of mercury-arc rectifiers, an alternating current source for supplying said rectifiers, an alternating current circuit fed'alternately by said rectifier-s, and an electrical interlock for preventing simultaneous operation of said rectiflers.

4. A frequency converter comprising a pluraiity of mercury-arc rectiflers, an alternating current source for supplying said rectifiers, an alternating current circuit fed alternately by said rectifiers, an interlock comprising a current transformer associated with each rectiflerand grids controlled by said current transformers for preventing simultaneous current flow in said transformers.

5. A frequency converter comprising a plurality of rectiflers, an output transformer supplied by said rectifiers, a current transformer in the output circuit of each rectifier, said cm'rent transformer actuating a grid for preventing current flow in the other rectifier while current flows in the current transformer.

6. In a reversible electric current converting system, an electric current line, a second electric current line, electron discharge means comprising a plurality of electrically distinct circuits, means for connecting said discharge means with each of said lines, means for controlling the operation of said discharge means, and means responsive to the flow of current through one of said circuits to prevent flow of current. through another of said circuits.

7. In a reversible electric current converting system, an electric current line, asecond electric current line, a. plurality of electrically distinct electron discharge devices each having anodes with associated control electrodes and a cathode, means for connecting said discharge devices with each. of said lines, means for energizing the control electrodes of said devices, and means responsive to the flow of current through one of said discharge devices operable to prevent the flow of current through another of said discharge devices.

MAX'BOSCH. 

